
William H. Seward’s notes on Lincoln’s First Inaugural Address, 1861. Holograph manuscript. Abraham Lincoln Papers, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress (100.00.01)
Digital ID # al0100_1
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Seward’s Edits of Lincoln’s First Inaugural
Before traveling to Washington, President-elect Abraham Lincoln provided printed drafts of his 1861 inaugural address to at least two people, Orville Browning and William H. Seward. Browning offered few suggestions; however, Seward’s proposed revisions filled six pages. Undisturbed by Seward’s temerity, Lincoln carefully reworked his address, accepting or rejecting the future secretary of state’s advice at will. However, there was no denying the beauty and cadence of Seward’s substitute ending, which Lincoln altered slightly to create the memorable and resounding phrase, “better angels of our nature.”